22.1 Overview of the Clean Air Act (CAA)

The Clean Air Act (CAA) (Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 60 to 65 and NDEQ Title 129) regulates sources of airborne contaminants that are known to be hazardous to human health and the environment.  A source of air emissions can be a power plant, factory, car, truck or anything that releases contaminants into the air.  Sources that stay in one place are referred to as stationary sources; sources that move around, like cars or planes, are called mobile sources.  The Clean Air Act (CAA) requirements include permits for construction and operation of stationary air emission sources, certification and training for equipment and personnel recycling or reclaiming ozone depleting compounds (ODCs) and development of risk management plans (RMPs) for unplanned chemical releases, fire or explosions.

Under the Clean Air Act (CAA), sources with a potential to pollute in quantities greater than certain thresholds must obtain permits prior to initiating construction.  A source may be required to obtain air operating and construction permits.  Impacted sources must submit applications for permits, usually based on their potential to emit certain pollutants.  Based on the permit application, states may issue permits to facilities, establishing limits on the types and amounts of air pollution allowed, operating requirements for pollution control devices or pollution prevention activities, and monitoring and record keeping requirements

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